Research Archive

All Topics

Explore our comprehensive collection of research on sports betting history, legislation, and technology.

Showing 1-24 of 318 topics

Scandals

Collegiate Point Shaving Scandals

Collegiate point shaving is a method of match-fixing where players manipulate the margin of victory to ensure a specific betting outcome regarding the point spread, often without intentionally losing the game. This deep dive explores the history of this phenomenon, identifying the structural vulnera...

Read Article
Integrity

Modern Integrity Monitoring Systems

Modern Integrity Monitoring Systems serve as the technological surveillance infrastructure for the global sports betting industry, designed to detect match-fixing in real-time. Moving beyond manual observation, these systems utilize **algorithmic analysis** to compare live betting market data (odds ...

Read Article
Technology

Courtsiding and Latency Arbitrage

Explore the history and significance of Courtsiding and Latency Arbitrage in the context of sports betting.

Read Article
Scandals

Spot-Fixing vs. Match-Fixing

Explore the history and significance of Spot-Fixing vs. Match-Fixing in the context of sports betting.

Read Article
Scandals

The Black Sox Scandal of 1919

Explore the history and significance of The Black Sox Scandal of 1919 in the context of sports betting.

Read Article
Legislation

The Macolin Convention

The **Macolin Convention (2014)** is the first legally binding international treaty aimed at combating the manipulation of sports competitions. It shifts the paradigm of match-fixing from a sporting rule violation to a transnational crime. **Key Components:** * **National Platforms:** Mandates t...

Read Article
Scandals

The 1919 Black Sox Scandal

Explore the history and significance of The 1919 Black Sox Scandal in the context of sports betting.

Read Article
Legislation

The Federal Wire Act of 1961

Explore the history and significance of The Federal Wire Act of 1961 in the context of sports betting.

Read Article
Technology

Geolocation and Geofencing Technology in Betting

Explore the history and significance of Geolocation and Geofencing Technology in Betting in the context of sports betting.

Read Article
Legislation

PASPA (Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act of 1992)

The **Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act (PASPA)** of 1992 was a US federal law that effectively banned sports betting nationwide, granting exemptions only to Nevada, Oregon, Delaware, and Montana. Intended to protect the integrity of sports, PASPA prohibited states from "authorizing" or...

Read Article
Legislation

The Interstate Horse Racing Act of 1978

Explore the history and significance of The Interstate Horse Racing Act of 1978 in the context of sports betting.

Read Article
Legislation

The Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act (UIGEA) of 2006

Explore the history and significance of The Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act (UIGEA) of 2006 in the context of sports betting.

Read Article
History

The Group of Copenhagen

Explore the history and significance of The Group of Copenhagen in the context of sports betting.

Read Article
Integrity

The Rise of Integrity Services (Sportradar & Genius Sports)

Explore the history and significance of The Rise of Integrity Services (Sportradar & Genius Sports) in the context of sports betting.

Read Article
Scandals

The Black Sox Scandal and the Commissioner's Office

The **Black Sox Scandal (1919)** was a conspiracy in which eight members of the Chicago White Sox intentionally lost the World Series to the Cincinnati Reds in exchange for bribes from gambling syndicates financed by **Arnold Rothstein**. The event exposed the vulnerability of low-paid players to co...

Read Article
History

The Invention of the Point Spread

The **Point Spread** was invented in the 1940s, primarily credited to Chicago mathematician and bookmaker **Charles K. McNeil**. Before this innovation, sports betting relied on fixed-odds moneylines, which stifled liquidity on lopsided matchups. McNeil's system replaced adjusting the *payout* with ...

Read Article
Scandals

The Pete Rose Investigation

Explore the history and significance of The Pete Rose Investigation in the context of sports betting.

Read Article
Technology

Evolution of In-Play Betting Technology

Explore the history and significance of Evolution of In-Play Betting Technology in the context of sports betting.

Read Article
Integrity

Modern Integrity Monitoring Partnerships

Modern Integrity Monitoring Partnerships represent the technological and collaborative backbone of the contemporary regulated sports betting industry. Moving away from the historical separation between sports and gambling, these partnerships unite **Sports Leagues** (NFL, FIFA), **Betting Operators*...

Read Article
History

The 'Official Data' Mandate and Antitrust Concerns

Explore the history and significance of The 'Official Data' Mandate and Antitrust Concerns in the context of sports betting.

Read Article
Integrity

The Grey Market Gap: Monitoring Unregulated Asian Bookmakers

The **Grey Market Gap** refers to the massive, unregulated sports betting ecosystem primarily based in Asia, which operates outside the integrity monitoring networks of the regulated Western world. Estimated to handle over **$1 trillion annually**, this market relies on a **Credit-Based Agent System...

Read Article
Technology

Crypto-Betting and the End of the Agent System

The integration of cryptocurrency into sports betting is dismantling the traditional **Credit-Based Agent System**, particularly in unregulated Asian markets. Historically, agents were necessary to bridge the gap between local bettors and offshore bookmakers, providing credit and settling in cash to...

Read Article
Technology

Provably Fair Algorithms

Explore the history and significance of Provably Fair Algorithms in the context of sports betting.

Read Article
History

Regulatory Arbitrage: The Curacao Master License System

The **Curacao Master License System** (est. 1996) is the regulatory framework that enabled the proliferation of the global offshore betting industry. Rather than the government licensing operators directly, it issued four private **Master Licenses**, which in turn sold thousands of **sub-licenses** ...

Read Article